| Egypt - a country of pharaohs |
In the realm of the sun godSun God Ra was worshiped in the heyday of Egyptian culture, which came in the years 2640-2160 BC It was at this time, in the reign of Pharaoh Djoser, Sneferu, Cheops, erected huge pyramids and temples. International trade rulers brought fabulous wealth.
However, modern Egypt has long been seeking to accumulate piles of gold and silver - the country sees its role in mediating between the West and the Arab world. At the time this decision was worth Egypt ten long and difficult years of isolation - once in 1979 President Anwar Sadat signed the Camp David peace treaty with Israel and neighboring Arab countries have declared a boycott Egypt. Yes and domestically Sadat pursued policies are not all met with support. After the assassination of Sadathis successor Hosni Mubarak continued to moderate the policies of his preshestvennika. Today, Egypt is again a member of the League of Arab States and occupies a place of one of the leaders of the Arab world. Life along the riverrest in Egypt are now accessible to almost everyone to our compatriot. Discounted tours to Egypt offers plenty of tourist agencies. You will be able to see this country through the territory of more than 1 million square kilometers of which only 4% of the inhabited and cultivated. This vast African country, an exciting edge and the Sinai Peninsula in Asia, is comprised almost entirely of desert and semi-deserts.
Witness storieswitness to history, Egypt is world famous for its ancient culture, dating back to the depth of millennia, and the Nile - the majestic river that has witnessed a history that began 6000 years ago. the ancient Egypt was called "a gift of the Nile." And indeed, the fate of this country has always been closely linked with its main water artery. For many centuries the annual flooding of the Nile determined the rhythm of life of Egyptians. Each year in the same time the water level rose in the Nile. The river overflowed and flooded wide valleys, turning them into a giant lake. However, in the beginning of the XIX century, this natural cycle of nature was violated was a massive construction of dams. In place of the annual floods came irrigation system controlled by a man. In 1971, it completed construction of the Aswan Dam. With its help, the country was able to almost completely satisfy its energy needs, instead of facing unforeseen environmental consequences. It turned out that the dam retards rich in minerals mud, which had previously been distributed to areas under crops in the floods, and the appearance in the middle of the desert huge Aswan electric reservoirs has led to climate change in the surrounding area. But despite that, the tourist boom of the Nile continues. This can prevent even the Islamic fundamentalists who try to hinder the development of tourism, income from which constitutes one of the most important articles of the national budget. gift of nature
Only the Nile river - the most important and the most full-flowing river in Africa - does not give the Sudan and Egypt share the fate of other countries residing in the territory of the Sahara desert - Chad, Niger and Mali, who constantly suffer from the most severe droughts. It is impossible to overestimate the value of what has to Egypt, this is the longest river of the African continent, extending for 6,671 km in length. To understand this, it suffices to look at the history of Egyptian culture. People have long believed in the divine origin of the Nile. For centuries, the ancient scholars were arguing about its origins. For example, Herodotus was convinced that the Nile originates in the area between Siena and Elephantine Islands. In fact, the Nile flows out of Lake Victoria, located in hot and humid region of Central Africa. The last 3000 km of its way to the sea river flowing through the desert, while remaining almost the same full-flowing. On its way from south to north Nile crosses three climatic zones (equatorial, tropical and desert zone). In the north of Egypt Cairo Nile passes and flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Splitting into several branches, the river rushes to the former marine bay to the south of Alexandria. By the way Neil irrigates "black earth" - alluvial tracts, formed over the centuries. For Egypt, as well as Sudan, the Nile is a priceless treasure. On its shores, forming an evergreen oasis, you can see the farmers and fishermen, traders and tourists. Yet Neal has the Egyptians not only blessed moisture. In the past, disputes over water allocation have repeatedly provoked conflicts between Egypt and Sudan, threatens to turn into a real war. |
River Nile, which flows across the country - is focusing the life of Egypt. Off the coast of the Mediterranean river widens, forming a vast delta: it has the biggest cities of Egypt, including its capital, Cairo with 17 million inhabitants. Yuolshinstvo Egyptians live on the narrow but fertile strip of land on the banks of the Nile. In the old days in August - September, during the flood, water, watered the shore and cover them with fertile silt that allowed it to grow feed and winter crops. The overwhelming majority of the population of Egypt and now lives in farming. Since the dam was built in Aswan, the productivity of fields in the Nile Valley became less dependent on the floods.Gtgantskaya dam regulates the flow of water during floods and directs the Nile in Lake Nasser. Nevertheless, to solve the problem of food shortage is not possible.Over the past 30 years the population has doubled and along with it - and the need for food.
